Minimalism has had many forms over time, from its roots in stoicism and ancient Greece, to the fine art movement of the 1960s, to today’s decluttering gurus like Marie Kondo. But each expression of minimalism has had a similar goal: to eliminate excess.
“For centuries, people have chosen minimalism as a form of inner luxury, seeking to escape the complexity of the material world,” says Norm Architects Founding Partner Jonas Bjerre-Poulsen. “From Zen monks in Japan to the Shakers in the US, simplicity has been used to seek a sense of wellbeing.”
When it comes to minimalism in interior design, this quest for simplicity has often manifested as cold-feeling spaces including few objects, sharp edges and cool neutral tones. However, designers today have a more expansive approach, championing a form of minimalism that’s warmer and more organic.
As Jonas Bjerre-Poulsen describes in his book, Soft Minimal: A Sensory Approach to Architecture and Design, his studio aims to “resensualize” the built environment. He explains: “Our approach to minimalism is about eliminating the irrelevant in order to emphasize what is important in life through tactile designs and interiors that invite you to engage with them.”
What minimalism means and how it is evolving
1. Engaging the senses with natural materials
Contrasting modernist trends for concrete, steel grids and engineered glass, we can create more sensual, tactile spaces by incorporating natural materials. Minimalist kitchens, for example, tend to be made with woods and stone. They help us to reconnect with our own place in nature, securing our sense of belonging, identity and safety. Jonas Bjerre-Poulsen explains: “By working with natural forms, materials and colors we can create spaces and objects that engage with our ancient aesthetic preferences—that feel good, look good and that last.”
He continues: “We instinctively enjoy the feel of wood more than that of plastic, and find views of the sky or a lake more pleasing than skyscrapers. We need sunlight to give way to darkness so we can wake, eat, and sleep, whereas artificial light unbalances our system. Deep down we know these natural elements are nourishing, and they therefore evoke safety and wellbeing.”
2. Finding warmth and security
Luca Scardulla, Co-Founder of architecture practice Llabb, also believes minimalism is evolving. “A couple of years ago it was characterized by cold materials and cutting lines," he says. "Nowadays we need warmth and a feeling of security. We need to live in embracing and relaxing spaces, ones that contrast life out there: stressed, noisy and uncertain”.
According to the designer, the pandemic accelerated the evolution of minimalism, and showed us why minimalism is a better way of life. In losing things we’d normally take for granted, from control over our health to being able to see friends and family, many of us found a renewed appreciation for what matters. “The lockdown experience undoubtedly brought to light the need for a 'less is more' philosophy,” says Luca Scardulla.
Our relationships with our homes evolved during this period too, as they became shelters from a world that was newly dangerous. This is a big tenet in current architecture trends. “Our living spaces had to convey the feeling of safety and comfort,” says Luca Scardulla. “And so we saw the style of ‘warm minimalism’ taking hold. This leaves sharp lines and cold materials behind to make way for natural elements, warm color palettes and textile accessories that are selected without abandoning the concept of functionality and order.”
3. Reducing possessions to heighten the quality
One of the main characteristics of minimalism is reduction. But while traditional minimalists may have used reduction as a means to simplify, designers today are using it to intensify experiences or sensations.
“In my opinion, the goal of minimalism is to heighten,” says Paolo Ferrari, Founder of Studio Paolo Ferrari. “Whether it’s heightening the quality of the ritual of bathing, or celebrating the daily ritual of making tea, minimalism brings attention to minutiae and draws us deeper into a given moment.”
This allows the new wave of minimalism to be more decorative than traditional expressions of the trend, where ornaments were all but banished. In fact, the best minimalist houses now have plenty of personality on display. “For us, minimalism can still be expressive or decadent,” says Paolo Ferrari. “In the past, I think minimalism carried the connotation of sparseness, ultra restrained and void of color or contrast. I would say that today, minimalism is more about clarity and an abandonment of excess. It’s a constant balance of restraint and exuberance.”
Minimalism has always been about much more than an interior design trend: it’s a way of life. It’s only natural then, that as the world changes, our needs—and ways to address those needs through design—would change too.
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